At the surgery for obesity with gastric banding the upper stomach near the esophagus is stapled vertically in an extension of six centimeters creating a small bag.
The output of this bag is reduced by a band or ring which forces the food to go out slowly from the stomach, creating a long feeling of satiety.
The main advantage of surgery for obesity with gastric banding is that the food enters and passes through the digestive tract in the usual order, allowing the nutrients and vitamins (and calories) to be totally absorbed by the body.